Sequence refers to the order in which the lines of code are executed, or in essence doing the right steps in the right order to solve the problem.
Selection
Selection means choosing a pathway through a program based on a condition. This includes if and switch statements.
Iteration
Iteration means looping, there are several types of loops:
definite iteration such as for or foreach loops
and indefinite iteration in the form of while, do..while and repeat..until loops.
Arrays & Lists
Arrays and lists are ordered groups of items with an index, arrays are static and use a fixed amount of memory whereas lists are dynamic and can shrink and grow during run-time.